草菇床栽料面保湿对菌丝生长和生物效率的影响

在西双版纳6～7月,对草菇菇房空间及菇床料面的喷雾温水保湿试验结果:喷30～45℃温水可保持料面湿润,促进培菌期草菇菌丝生长,促进出菇,不影响幼菇蕾生长,喷温水后菇产量为对照(菇床料面不喷温水)的280%～332%。     

麦秸/聚氨酯复合人造板的工艺对其吸声系数的影响研究

通过变化麦秸和聚氨酯的比例、麦秸/聚氨酯复合人造板的密度、以及发泡温度,研究了麦秸/聚氨酯复合人造板在不同的声波频率下的吸声系数。试验结果表明:在不同的声波频率下,发泡温度的高低对麦秸/聚氨酯复合人造板的吸声系数有不同的影响;麦秸/聚氨酯复合人造板的密度与其吸声系数的大小关系密切;在声波频率为250～4 000Hz区域内,麦秸和聚氨酯的比例对麦秸/聚氨酯复合人造板的吸声系数影响较大。     

硫酸盐草浆黑液制粉状活性炭的研究

本文探讨硫酸盐草浆纸厂黑液的治理和利用,提出用酸化法从黑液中沉析木素制取粉状活性炭。大约生产10t草浆可制取1t优质粉状活性炭。同时还含有占总碱量24%的Na_2S可回收。排出的废液即使不再经过处理,其污染程度也已大大降低。     

异氰酸酯胶麦秆刨花板施胶量的研究

以ＭＤＩ为胶粘剂制备麦秸刨花板，并通过试验确定合理的ＭＤＩ施加量。试验结果证明：①施胶量４％～５ ％可生产出合格的麦秸刨花板；在较佳工艺条件下，施胶量可降低至３％；②施胶量对产品ＴＳ有显著影响，对ＩＢ有影响，而对ＭＯＲ，Ｄ，Ｗ影响不大。     

我国麦/稻秸秆板工业的发展与思考

通过回顾我国秸秆板工业化生产的发展历程及现状,分析了目前秸秆板生产设备与工艺存在的问题和差距,从多个方面就我国今后秸秆人造板发展有待改进的方向提出建议.     

我国人造板工业发展趋势预测与原料创新研究

围绕我国木材资源短缺和人造板工业高速发展的现状，阐述我国人造板原材料演变的历程。农作物秸秆作为绿色原料，在河南、山东、江苏、黑龙江等省份储量丰富。本文从工艺、成本、环保等角度，分析其作为人造板原料所具有的优势，并讨论了21世纪中国秸秆人造板工业的发展前景。     

Exogenously applied hexaconazole ameliorates salinity stress by inducing an antioxidant defense system in Brassica napus L. plants

The ability of hexaconazole (HEX) to ameliorate salinity stress was studied in canola plants (Brassica napus L.). Canola seedlings were subjected to sodium chloride (NaCl) treatment. A treatment with 200 mM NaCl reduced growth parameters, chlorophyll content and protein content as well as increased the proline (Pro) content in canola plants. In addition, NaCl stress increased the endogenous, nonenzymatic antioxidants and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as peroxidase (POX; EC 1.11.1.7), superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1) and catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6). When these plants were treated with a combination of NaCl and 50 mg L⁻¹ HEX, the inhibitory effects of NaCl stress were decreased by increasing the root growth, shoot growth, dry weight (DW), chlorophyll content, protein content and antioxidant enzyme activity by ameliorating the salinity injury. These results suggested that HEX has an important role in the enhancement of plant antioxidant systems and resistance to salinity in canola plants.     

秸秆覆盖对盐渍化土壤水盐动态的影响

研究了不同秸秆覆盖量下盐渍化土壤蒸发量、不同生育期各土层的含水率及含盐量的动态变化规律.结果表明:秸秆覆盖后,盐渍化土壤蒸发量比对照低,随着秸秆覆盖量的增加,蒸发量逐渐减少,当秸秆覆盖量为0.75 kg/m2(C2)时,日蒸发量减少幅度平缓,趋于稳定.与对照相比,秸秆覆盖量为1.05 kg/m2(C1),0.75 kg...     

土壤中添加蚯蚓及秸秆对油菜积累镉的影响

采用盆栽试验,在不同镉(Cd)污染浓度的灰漠土中分别添加蚯蚓和新鲜秸秆,研究了添加蚯蚓和秸秆还田条件下油菜(Brassica rapa L.spp.Chinenesis)-土壤体系中Cd的分布情况.结果发现:(1)添蚯蚓可有效增加土壤中Cd向油菜体内转移;蚯蚓可以在Cd污染的土壤中生存,蚯蚓体内Cd浓度随土壤环境中Cd...     

Does Biochar Improve Establishment of Tree Seedlings in Saline Sodic Soils?

Reforestation of saline sodic soil is increasingly undertaken as a means of reclaiming otherwise unproductive agricultural land. Currently, restoration of degraded land is limited to species with high tolerances of salinity. Biochar application has the potential to improve physical, biological and chemical properties of these soils to allow establishment of a wider range of plants. In a glasshouse trial, we applied biochar made from Acacia pycnantha (5 Mg ha⁻¹) or no biochar to either a low (EC_e 4·75 dS m⁻¹, ESP 6·9), a moderate (EC_e 27·6 dS m⁻¹, ESP 29·3) or a high (EC_e 49·4 dS m⁻¹, ESP 45·1) saline sodic soil. The regional common reforestation species Eucalyptus viminalis and Acacia mearnsii were planted as tubestock in to the soils. Early establishment indicators, including growth, plant condition and nutrition, were assessed at the end of a simulated growing season, 108 days after biochar application. Application of biochar increased height, and decreased root : shoot and the concentration of Mn, N and S in plants of E. viminalis when grown in the highly saline sodic soil. Biochar application increased the concentration of B in leaves of E. viminalis and increased the concentration of P, K and S in leaves of A. mearnsii when grown in the low saline sodic soil. The results confirm that there is potential for biochar to assist in reforestation of saline sodic soils. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.